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Showing 307 results for Type of Study: Research

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Volume 12, Issue 47 (9-2013)
Abstract

This study examined the effectiveness of Kateria laughter therapy on increasing the level of General health in elderly man living in nursing homes. This is a semi-empirical study consisting of a pre-test and a post-test in which two Groups. The sample of this research includes 30 male elderly that lived in Hashemi-Nezhad nursing home. The Goldberg's General Health Questionnaire was used in this research. For analyzing the data, multi analysis of variance (MANOVA) and covariance were used. The results showed significant improvement in increasing the level of General health, social functioning and reduction in depression and somatization, anxiety and sleep disturbance.


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Volume 12, Issue 47 (9-2013)
Abstract

. According to the importance of career resiliency and its widespread use, the present study examined the validity, Morgan Lyons’ reliability and standardization of career resiliency scale among staff and students in four cities (Tehran, Shiraz, Yazd, turpentine). The statistical population consists of all staff and students of Iran that selected by using available sampling of four cities (Tehran, Shiraz, Yazd and saqez). 625 employees and 264 students from various universities, organizations and cities were selected by cluster sampling and they filled out the questionnaire. The research method included calculation of t scores, Cronbach’s Alpha and split-half method was used. The standard and norm table was provided for both employees and students. The results showed that the test reliability by Cronbach’s Alpha method was 0.901 for employees and 884 for students. The results imply that there is no significant difference between the two halves of the test. Generally, the findings indicated that this scale is a valid instrument with desirable psychometric evidence for assessing career resiliency in Iranian society.


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Volume 12, Issue 47 (9-2013)
Abstract

. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of mother's Therapy by Transactional Analysis in comparison with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on reduction of children's anxiety. For this purpose, the population of this study comprised mothers who had children with Separation Anxiety Disorder or General Anxiety Disorder in 5 kindergartens. Then 60 mothers selected through the random sampling and randomly divided into 3groups) Two experimental groups and one control group) that each group comprised 20 mothers. Each experimental group was counseled for 10 sessions using either Transactional Analysis or Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. At the end a post-test was taken from all subjects. Results of the covariance method showed that using both Transactional Analysis and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy are effective on reducing the symptoms of children's Separation Anxiety Disorder and General Anxiety Disorder. However no significant difference was found between Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Transactional Analysis on reducing these symptoms. r


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Volume 12, Issue 47 (9-2013)
Abstract

Divorce and separation demolish family as a basic unit of a society. This research aim was the survey of Confidence and Intimacy in Predicting of Marital Instability. This is a descriptive-correlation research. 90 male and 90 female were randomly selected. The Instruments were Walker Intimacy Scale, Confidence Scale and Marital Instability Questionnaires. Pearson Correlation method and step by step multiple regressions were used for analyzing the data. The results showed negative significant correlations between confidence and marital instability. This means that as confidence increased, marital instability decreased and vice versa. Also, there was negative significant correlations between intimacy and marital instability. This means that as Intimacy improved, marital instability decreased and vice versa. Therefore , This article showed that Confidence and intimacy are important factors to predict stability and instability in a marriage. .


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Volume 12, Issue 47 (9-2013)
Abstract

This study aims to investigate the effect of cognitive-behavioral trainings on the quality of life of the patients with type 1 diabetes. For this purpose, 16 patients with type 1 diabetes, who were members of the Iranian Diabetes Society in Islamshahr, were randomly selected and divided into control and experimental groups. The subjects of the experimental group were trained in cognitive-behavioral techniques for 10 sessions, but the members of the control group were not trained. Before and after the implementation of the intervention, both groups were assessed by the Quality of Life questionnaire. The results of the analysis of covariance showed that cognitive-behavioral techniques had a significant effect on the physical and psychological dimensions of the quality of life however, no significant effect was observed on social and environmental dimensions.


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Volume 12, Issue 47 (9-2013)
Abstract

Background: This study was carried out in order to compare the effectiveness of two group therapies: ‘existential and spiritual approach’ on trust, self- esteem and anxiety of divorced women in Mashhad city. Methods: 45 divorced women, who referred to counseling centers and social work clinics (Aria & Bahar) in Mashhad, were selected with in access sampling. They filled the three questionnaires used in the study (16PF, SEI and STAI - Y). They assigned to these three groups randomly. The members of these groups participated in 12 sessions of therapy intervention, 2 hours per session (2 times a week). The data were analyzed by covariate analyze (ANCOVA). Results: Existential group therapy is significantly more effective than spiritual group therapy in increasing trust (P<0.01, F=18.04) and self - esteem (P<0.01, F=17.25) and decreasing anxiety (P<0.01, F=19.61). discussion: Existential and spiritual group therapies had effect on increasing trust and self - esteem and decreasing anxiety of divorced women, but existential group therapy was significantly more effective than spiritual group therapy. y


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Volume 12, Issue 47 (9-2013)
Abstract

The main aim of present research was to study the role of hope, loneliness feeling and their components in prediction of elders' life satisfaction. The method of this research was descriptive-correlational. For this purpose, 300 elders were selected by Available sampling method and loneliness feeling, hope and life satisfaction questionnaires were administered among selected sample. Data were analyzed by using Pearson correlation and stepwise regression analysis. The results showed that there is significant positive relation between hope, and life satisfaction. Also, there is a significant negative relation between loneliness feeling and its' components with life satisfaction. The results of regression analysis showed that the loneliness feeling has important and significant role in life satisfaction and explain overall 28% of the variance of life satisfaction. Also, loneliness feeling and hope have respectively a significant role in prediction of life satisfaction. The results indicate that reduction of loneliness feeling and enhancement of hope in elders can help to their health, compatibility and life satisfaction.


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Volume 12, Issue 48 (10-2013)
Abstract

The Purpose of this research was to investigate parental monitoring role and affiliation with deviant peers in high risk behavior. The design of the current study involves correlation using structural equation modeling. The population of the current study involve all male and female adolescent in Tehran high school from which 1241 were selected through cluster sampling. To collect the data, different scales such as Iran’s adolescent risk-taking scales, parental monitoring scales and affiliation with delinquent peers were used. The data were analyzed using correlation statistical indices, independent T and structural equation modeling through SPSS and LISRER. The obtained results showed that there was a significant difference between girls and boys in high risk behavior, parental monitoring and affiliation with delinquent peers. Moreover, parental monitoring through affiliation with delinquent peers had a significant effect on high risk behavior. The mediating model can explain 0.55 high risk behavior variance. It's highly influential to pay attention to the parental monitoring role in decreasing affiliation with delinquent peers as well as decreasing the high risk behavior by adolescents. .


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Volume 12, Issue 48 (10-2013)
Abstract

Marital adjustment and cohesion are concepts which their absence can result in marital conflicts and problems. Thus, the research is trying to compare two approaches which have holistic and reductionist viewpoints in treating couples’ maladjustment and cohesion. So, 24 couples (48 persons) were selected randomly and were divided in 3 groups (16 persons, each group consists of 8 men and 8 women). randomly, a group assigned for Systems-Centerd Therapy, another for Psycho-Educational Therapy, and the last as control group. after conducting 12 sessions of Systems-Centered Therapy, and 10 sessions Psycho-Education Therapy, groups were compared about marital adjustment and marital cohesion. results showed that these two approaches have no significant difference in treating marital adjustment and marital cohesion. .


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Volume 12, Issue 48 (10-2013)
Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of Collaborative Language Systems Therapy on Self- efficacy in Students .Method of research was quasi-experimental with pretest - posttest and control group design. The statistical population involved all referred couples to university counseling centers in Tehran. The sample of study consisted of 28 subjects(14 couples)that were randomly selected and allocated into experimental and control groupe.The experimental group participated in 8 sessions of collaborative Language Therapy. The measurement instrument was Coping self–Efficacy Scale (CSE) and Demographic Data Questionnaire. The results were analyzed with covariate using SPSS software. The result indicated that Collaborative Language Systems (CLST) Therapy, increased self-efficacy and enhanced subscales of Self-efficacy.


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Volume 12, Issue 48 (10-2013)
Abstract

The aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of logo therapy on life satisfaction and academic performance in high school female students in MasjedSoleiman city. The research method was semi experimental with per-posttest, follow-up and control group. The sample consisted of 40 subjects who were matched from age, educational status, gender, having one standard deviation below the mean in life satisfaction scale (MSLSS). Then randomly divided into two group as experimental and control. The instruments were(MSLSS) and academic performance. The data were analysed with (MANCOVA). The results indicated that there was a significant difference between experimental and control group (P< 0.0001). These results significantly persisted after follow up period. .


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Volume 12, Issue 48 (10-2013)
Abstract

Children and Adolescents Depression Scale (CADS) is a self-report scale designed for diagnosis and assessment of the level and intensity of MDD in children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to assess the psychometric and factorial structure of CADS as well as major depressive disorder (MDD) status among adolescent girls (14-19 years). 417 female adolescent students from different areas of Tehran completed the scale. Scale reliability was assessed through internal reliability (Cronbach’s alpha and half-splitting), inter-item correlation and test-retest methods and all revealed a desirable level of reliability of CADS. Factor analysis was done via two major methods: Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). EFA via Principal Components Factor Analysis, Parallel Analysis and Minimum Average Partial (MAP) Test showed a one-factor model in the CADS, which assesses depression. Afterwards, CFA supported a one-factor model of depression. Analyses of the CADS results indicated that 32.9% of the subjects were with no signs of depression, while 67.1% of them have depressive signs and symptoms to severe MDD. According to these findings, it seems that CADS could be used as a preferable scale to assess and screen depressive signs as well as depressive disorders both in research and in clinical settings. In addition, regarding the high rate of incidence of depressive signs and symptoms among female adolescent students, the necessity of systematic cognitive-behavioral interventions is obvious.


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Volume 12, Issue 48 (10-2013)
Abstract

Farajnia, S - Dr Hoseinian, S - Dr Shihidi, SH - Dr Sadeghi, M The goal of present study was to examine the role of sexual function and quality of relationship on marital commitment. The sample included 115 couples. The research instruments were Quality of Marital Relationship Questionnaire, Marital Commitment Questionnaire and Marital Sexual Function Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by correlation coefficient and step by step multiple regression method. Results showed significant relationships between sexual function, quality of relationship and marital commitment. According to the results, sexual function and quality of relationship predicted marital commitment and quality of relationship was a stronger predictor of marital commitment. Through Components of Sexual Function and Quality of Relationships, the only Sexual Realization and Communication Styles have predicted the roles for the Marital Commitment. The Significant relationships were found between wives 'commitment with their sexual function, their husbands 'commitment and sexual function, and husbands 'commitment with their wives 'commitment and their sexual function.


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Volume 12, Issue 48 (10-2013)
Abstract

This study has been done to the effectiveness of couple therapy with Satir's approach on improving couple functions and decreasing marital burnout. The method of this study was quasi experimental (groups pretest-post test). Samples were 20 couples (10 couples in first experiment group and 10 couples in control group) which referred to Sanandaj counseling centers. They were assigned randomly to control and experiment groups. Then 8 Satir's approach sessions have been performed. Each group's dependent variables were assessed in pre test and post tests. Instruments were Family Assessment Devise (FAD) and Couple Burnout Measure (CBM). Aalysis data was done through ANCOVA. The results showed that couple therapy with Satir's approach improved the couple's functions in experiment groups. Moreover couple therapies with Satir's approach have decreased marital burnout in comparison with control group.


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Volume 13, Issue 49 (4-2014)
Abstract

The purpose of this study was the relationship between attachment styles and self-esteem with type D personality. 245 students (66 males & 179 females) have been selected using a cluster random sampling to fill out the adult attachment style, Rosenberg self- esteem, and type D personality questionnaires. The results show that there is a significant positive correlation between secure attachment style and self-esteem and a negative relationship between insecure attachment styles and self-esteem. Research findings also reveals that there is a negative relationship between secure attachment style and type D personality and a significant positive correlation between insecure attachment styles and type D personality. Results of stepwise regression analyses indicate that secure, ambivalent and avoidant attachment styles play a significant role in self-esteem prediction, respectively. Results also of stepwise regression analyses indicate that avoidant, secure and ambivalent attachment styles play a significant role in predicting type D personality, respectively. Analyses results also show that there is no gender significance among attachment styles. Our findings prove that attachment styles play the significant role in determining self- esteem and type D personality.


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Volume 13, Issue 49 (4-2014)
Abstract

The main objective of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of group training, based on transactional analysis affecting the anger and neurotically of the girl students of grade one in high school ,in the city of Rasht. this experimental research was carried out on 60 individuals from those students who were rated “high” in aggression test(AGQ).This sample was selected through the phased random selection and it was divided in two equal groups (experimental and control group), randomly. subsequently, the group training program was represented to the experiment group, after the method of transactional analysis ,based on the assembly of concepts, within 8 ninety-minute sessions for each week , and during this period, no interference was imposed on the control group. Then, after the end of training, the AGQ-test(post-test) was applied to both experiment and control groups, simultaneously and under the identical circumstances. the obtained information from the pre-test and post-test were analyzed using the statistical covariance.The additional obtained results suggested that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups(P=0.0001). In other words, the experimental interference (group training based on the transactional analysis) has given rise to reduce the anger and neurotically in experimental group.


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Volume 13, Issue 49 (4-2014)
Abstract

Abstract The purpose of this study was the relationship between personality characteristics and productivity among employees of the Iranian National Oil Products Distribution. The statistical population consisted of Tehran Products Distribution Company Employees. Sample was consisted of 127 people who were selected by stratified sampling. They answered following questionnaires: Myers-Briggs personality questionnaire and Achieve labor productivity Inventory. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between some personality types and level of productivity. There was a meaningful positive correlation between extroverted type, thinking type and level of productivity. There was a meaningful negative correlation between feeling type, intuitive type and level of productivity. But three personality types including sensing, Introverted, and Judging had no relationship with level of productivity. Moreover, ESTJ type (introverted, sensing, thinking, judging) and ISTJ type (extroverted, intuitive, sensing, judging) had the highest frequency. The findings indicate that by identifying personality type we can identify productive types and use these types for enhancing productivity of organization, and prevent human resource burnout by assigning them in appropriate vocational position. :


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Volume 13, Issue 49 (4-2014)
Abstract

Abstract This study examined the effectiveness of Marlatt –based on cognitive-behavioral model on relapse reduction of opiate-dependents. In a pilot pretest – posttest with control group project, 30 opiate -dependent clients of addiction clinics in Khorramabad were randomly assigned to two groups. Experimental group were on 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy, totally 24 hours but the control group did not receive any special treatment. All study participants at the beginning of study and end of the weekly meetings were tested by urinalysis. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and test were used. The results showed that the relapse rate of control group after the fourth week was significantly higher than the control group. According to the findings, it can be concluded that Marlatt-based on cognitive behavioral treatment model is effective on relapse reduction of opiate-dependents. :


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Volume 13, Issue 49 (4-2014)
Abstract

Abstract The purpose of this research was to investigate the efficacy of group logo therapy on resilience and loneliness of female students with love trauma syndrome.The semi- experimental design: pre-post test with control group was used in this study. Populations were all female students of Kurdestan Univesity and were selected through voluntary sampling method. Sample numbers were 24 students that gained high scores on Love Trauma Inventory (1999) and randomly assigned to control and experiment groups (each group included 12 students).Also the Connor-Davidson Resiliency Surveys (2003) (CD-RISC) and loneliness scale Univarsity of California (1998) was completed by both groups. The experiment group exposed to 10 instruction sessions of group logo therapy .By ending the therapeutic period, both groups were examined by means of the mentioned inventory. Result analyzed with SPSS 21 software .Statistical methods included descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum scores) and inferential statistics (Analysis of covariance). Findings: The results showed that there is significant difference between posttest scores of resilience and loneliness at experimental and control groups (P<0/05). Also ,there was significant differences between posttest scores of love trauma syndrome in both experimental and control groups (P<0/05).The overall results indicate that group logo therapy can be used as an effective treatment on the reduce of loneliness and love trauma syndrome. It also increases the resilience level.


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Volume 13, Issue 49 (4-2014)
Abstract

Abstract The purpose of this study was Developing and Validation of psychologists’ professional ethics Ques-tionnaire for Counselors. The method of this study was Correlation. The population were counselors and psychologists in Tehran. The sample was 178 married men and women of consultants who have a bachelor's degree or higher. The instrument of this study was Ethics Ques‌tionnaire for Counselors. Factor analysis revealed five factors in the questionnaire: informed consent was 90.29 percent of the total variance, upholding the law and culture was 75.6% of the total variance, transparency in the relationship was 64/4 percent of the total variance, and responsibility in crisis counseling was 13.4 percent and ethics in applying was 89.3% of the total variance. Test-retest reliability coefficient of the scale was 0.81, and the internal consistency was 0.92. Ethics questionnaire regarding the validity and reliability was the right tool for the assessment of professional ethics for Counselors



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