Journal of counseling research

Psychopathology and Psychotherapy on Rumi's view: Anthropological, psychological and methodological presuppositions

Alaminiya, M – Eskandari, H – Borjali, A The scientific theories including psychological theories based on some specific meta-theoretical presuppositions which considerably influence the theory, and the differences among psychological theories, to some extent, reflect more fundamental differences among theories on these presuppositions. Since theoretical and philosophical presuppositions play an important role in evolution of scientific theories, it seems, changing these basic presuppositions and replacing them with metaphysical cultural assumptions as new foundations, can conclude paradigm shift in present scientific theories. In the present study, anthropological, psychological and methodological presuppositions of psychopathology and psychotherapy have been investigated according to Rumi's view, on the scope of helping to shape a new vision in these domains. Our research method is qualitative content analysis. Results have shown that, Rumi, emphasis on freedom of mankind and sees the individual as capable of fundamental change throughout life span .He believes Language is the main determinant of behavior. Rumi sees the tendency of man to growth and perfection as a way that leads him to actual health and elation. He believes mankind is generally in pathology situation, man usually misdiagnosis true self and is captured by physical attachment, egoistic tendencies and vain imagination which make him upset and distressed. Amplifying Pseudo self Puts a person at risk of pathology and make him ill. The process of therapy and getting rid of the pathology, is the process of loss and the elimination of the Pseudo self and gain the "bi khodi" that involves difficult encounter and is associated with tension and pain. In Rumi's view, language is so important and man’s mental is not separate from his language. Language especially story and narrative has consid, erable and important role in shaping the meaning, cognition and behavior and is considered as origin of psychopathology and psychotherapy. It’s the language which makes a person ill or heals him. Linguistic and narrative analysis is a suitable way to study human issues and psychopathology. Keywords: Rumi, psychopathology and psychotherapy, anthropological presupposition, psychological presupposition, methodological presupposition, language. Construction and Validity of Problems between Adolescent and Parents Test Sanagooi Zadeh, M - Etemadi, O - Ahmadi, A - Jazayeri , R The present research aims to design and build problems adolescents with parents test and assess its validity. The method of this research has had two stages. The first stage was qualitative method. For this purpose, in addition to interview with adolescents and parents and sciences extensive library studies was collected categories problems adolescents with parents with systematic analyze method. Questionnaire was made consisting 60 questions in two forms mothers’ form & father’s form. In the second stage, validity and reliability of this tool was examined by a connotative method. So 200 boys students of Isfahan high school was selected by simple random sampling, And they complete this questionnaire. The data were studied through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The finding revealed three factor (internal problems, interpersonal relationship problems, Parental style). The results of analysis with exploratory analysis and confirmatory analysis explain a considerable percentage of variance of the three factors. The Cronbach’s alpha equal was for mother’s form test 0/93 and father’s form test 0/92. The conclusion is that it is possible to make a test of high validity with consistent factors and ample ability to measure adolescent's problems with parents. ,

Construction and Validity of Problems between Adolescent and Parents Test

The present research aims to design and build problems adolescents with parents test and assess its validity. The method of this research has had two stages. The first stage was qualitative method. For this purpose, in addition to interview with adolescents and parents and sciences extensive library studies was collected categories problems adolescents with parents with systematic analyze method. Questionnaire was made consisting 60 questions in two forms mothers’ form & father’s form. In the second stage, validity and reliability of this tool was examined by a connotative method. So 200 boys students of Isfahan high school was selected by simple random sampling, And they complete this questionnaire. The data were studied through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The finding revealed three factor (internal problems, interpersonal relationship problems, Parental style). The results of analysis with exploratory analysis and confirmatory analysis explain a considerable percentage of variance of the three factors. The Cronbach’s alpha equal was for mother’s form test 0/93 and father’s form test 0/92. The conclusion is that it is possible to make a test of high validity with consistent factors and ample ability to measure adolescent's problems with parents.

Change, Challenges, and Marital Satisfaction Transition to Parenthood among Iranian Women

The birth of a child creates a significant change in the family system and reset the system family. This study examined mother’s perceptions of everyday marital change across the transition to parenthood. What challenges and changes women experience the transition to parenthood? The method of this research was phenomenological and qualitative method. 30 women were selected by purpose-based way. For data gathering, we used supervisors and participants review criteria. The findings showed that mothers faced with the challenges of changing views about self and former lifestyle, inactivity and loss of professional identity, loss of interest in sexual intimacy, traditional beliefs about baby sexuality, Overwhelming focus on children, little time or resources to do a little business partner role, increased stress and depression, increasing the need for organizing, having a common time limit of couple relationships, Strengthen the relationship between mother and child, restriction of freedom and a sense of inequality, lack of co-management in children and egalitarianism in the role, the role of anxiety in determining the boundaries of the system.10 women decreased marital satisfaction during transition to parenthood and marital satisfaction of 3 women didn’t no change.17 women increased marital satisfaction in transition to parenthood. We concluded Women be faced with major challenges in transition to parenthood, in many cases, health education interventions should be done with family. Health professionals should have special attention to the transition to parenthood.

Relationship between, Marital Satisfaction, Depression and Immune System

The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between marital satisfaction, depression and immune system in spouses of Ahvaz. The sample consisted of 30 couples who were selected randomly from 52 couples and they were matched from age, educational status, physical and mental disorders and other criteria considered in this research. The instruments were Hudson marital satisfaction inventory and Beck major depression inventory (BDI).Also their immune system was assessed through blood sample. The results revealed that there was a significant positive relationship between marital satisfaction and CD4, CD4/CD8, and NK cells (CD16, CD56). Also, there was a significant negative relationship between marital satisfaction and depression. In addition, there was a significant difference between male and female in immune system and depression. The rate of depression in female was higher than male, but the rate of immune system in male was higher than female. Further, the results of this research indicated that marital satisfaction and depression explained %17 of most role to predict the immune system. Also, the role of marital satisfaction was more than depression to predict the immune system.

Qualitative study of Marriage Pathology based on maladaptive Schemes and needs satisfaction

Every couple has a unique pattern of personality needs that enter the mutual relationship. The level of the mutual needs satisfaction should be relatively high in an intimate relationship. The Violence emerges from the anger caused by dispairment to satisfy mutual needs. The purpose of this study was a qualitative research of marriage Pathology based on deprivation of basic needs satisfaction (young etal, 2003) and how to meet the needs in interpersonal relationships. Subjects were 25 students of Master of Counseling of Allameh tabataba,I University & family Psychology of Science and Culture University in 91-92 and 92-93 which were chosen by available sampling. For data collection, projective question was used. By coding and classification of subject responses, schemes and the concepts were identified. Results showed that participants in projecting their thoughts on marriage have many maladaptive schemas. Marriage is damaged by the inability to establish a safe and satisfying attachment with others mainly caused by emotional deprivation(ED), focus on inflexible rules, the inability to form an independent identity, failure to comply the rights of others & suppressing basic demands for love and approval.

The effectiveness of Communicative Skills Training on Self-differentiation in Masjed Soleiman City Couples: A Case-subject Study

The aim of this study was to investigating the effectiveness of communication skills training on self-differentiation among referring couples coming to registered offices in Masjed Soleiman city to get married. In this study, four couples (eight men and women) were selected using voluntary-purposive sampling method. The research design was single-case experimental of multiple baseline type. In ten sessions, couples were trained communication skills, and completed the Self-differentiation Questionnaire after training stages. The data were analysed by visual drawing method, Reliable Change Index (RCI), and recovery rate formula. The findings showed that communication skills training led to increase of self-differentiation (26.43%) in general, 27.37% in the first, 20% in second, 28.18% in third, and 30.23% in fourth couples. These were maintained percentages in follow-up stage. The Reliable change indices showed a meaningful change and increases in self-differentiation in during training and follow-up stages. The training led to relative increasing of couple's differentiation, and separated feeling of logic.

The Effect of Attachment Styles and Parenting Styles on Self-Actualization: The Mediating Role of Personality Characteristics

i The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of attachment styles and parenting styles on self-actualization with mediating role of personality characters in students of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research of Khuzestan. 360 students (174 girls, 132 boys) were selected by simple random sampling method. The instruments included Simpson Attachment Inventory, Zaynali Inventory, NEO-FFI and Ahwas Self- Actualization Inventory. Fitness of the proposed model was examined through Structural Eqmation Modeling (SEM), using SPSS- 18 and Amas-18 Software packes. Indirect hypothesis were tested by bootstrap procedure. The results showed that the proposed model fit the data. Better fit and more meaningful results obtained by omittinh 1 nonsignificant path (authoritative style to openness) and using AMOS modification indices. Results related to indirect effects showed that indirect paths were significant except 3 indirect paths (secure attachment style to self–actualization through conscientiousness, unsecure attachment style to self–actualization through neuroticism and authoritative style to self–actualization through conscientiousness).