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Aim: This research has studied psychological dynamics of infertility on referred women. Mehtods: In this research, the sample of 21 infertile women to be studies were selected through purposeful sampling. Theoretical sampling process continued until data saturation. The information was gathered and data analysis was carried out by open and axial coding. Findings: The research findings showed psychological consequences of infertility to be, in order: 1. Therapeutic helplessness, 2. Meaninglessness, 3. Self-criticism, 4. Expression of strong negative emotion, 5. Psychological disorders, 6. Use of psychological medications, 7. Suicidal ideation, 8. Isolationism, 9. Marital arguments over being alone, and 10. Empty and boring houses.  It appears infertile women experience adverse psychological situation. Conclusions: The findings of the research include 11 main categories and 1 core category named “birth (increase) of inability”, which refers to the concept of infertile women may, for acceptable reasons and over time, experience a sense of inability in other life domains. In general, the results show a growing existence of inability and meaninglessness in the target population, which eventually leads to psychological disorders, use of psychological medications, and boring homes.

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Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of reality therapy and cognitive-behavioral training on empathy and self-control of women with marital conflicts. Methods: The design of the present study was a quasi-experimental with pre/post-test and follow-up, and included a control group. The statistical population of the study included all women with conflict with their husbands who referred to counseling centers in 7^th district of Tehran in 2020. Among them, 60 people were selected by purposeful sampling method and randomly divided into two experimental groups and a control group (twenty individuals in each group). Initially, all three groups underwent a pre-test, followed by 8 sessions of reality therapy for the first experimental group (Glasser, 2012) and 8 sessions of cognitive-behavioral training (Free, 1999) for the second experimental group. At the end, post-test was performed for all three groups and after three months, a follow-up test was performed to confirm the results. Data collection tools included the Sanai and Barati Marital Conflict Questionnaire, the Julif and Farrington Empathy Questionnaire, and the self-control Questionnaire of Tanji et al. Findings: The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that both reality group therapy and cognitive-behavioral training had a significant effect on empathy and self-control of women with marital conflict (P<0.01). cognitive-behavioral training has been more effective on self-control than reality group therapy. However, reality group therapy has been more effective on empathy than cognitive-behavioral training. Conclusion: Due to the effectiveness of both methods on research variables, the use of these trainings by psychologists and counselors in the psychological education program for people with marital conflict is recommended. Also, due to the greater impact of each training on one variable, it is suggested that paired training programs be adjusted based on these findings.