Journal of Counseling Research

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The purpose of present study was to investigate the role of secondary trauma as a mediator in relationship between attachment styles and father-child conflict. This study was a correlational research that carried out by structural equation modeling. warfare victims’ children living in Yazd, Esfahan, Najafabad, and Yasuj and studying at Shahed and Isargar Schools of these cities were the target population in this study. Of this population, 607 subjects were selected by cluster sampling method. Secondary traumatic stress scale (STSS), Adult Attachment Scale and Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale (PCTS) were used to collect the data. Finally, correlational analysis and structural equation modeling used to analyze the data. The findings show that insecure avoidant and insecure ambivalent attachment by secondary trauma significantly related with verbal and physical aggression. Secure attachment style was not any direct and indirect relationship with father-child conflict. But, insecure avoidant attachment has a direct relationship with reasoning and verbal aggression. Finally, fit index show that proposed model in present study was confirmed with a few modification. With regarding Findings of the current study can conclude that secondary trauma has a significant role as a mediating factor in relationship between insecure attachment styles and father-child conflict and therefore probably told that teachings based on attachment styles prevent transmission of secondary trauma and then father-child conflicts in Warfare Victims’ Children.

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The purpose of present study were investigating of students’ awareness, availability and using of informational recourse in discipline selection. This study was a description research that carried out in students of 10^th grad who select a discipline in new school year in 1394-95. 187 students were selected by categorical random sampling and answer to a researcher-made questionnaire which investigate awareness, availability and using of Informational Recourse in discipline selection. The data analyzed by bionamibal test. The results show that students were awarded to the role of professional, teachers and students idea in discipline selection, analyzing of school performance in past years, personal research about disciplines and measure of their ability and interest in discipline selection. This resource were available to them and using it in discipline selection. The students also were awarded to the role of counselors and counseling centers to discipline selection, but except school counselors, other counseling recourses were not available to them and they were not using these resources to discipline selection. The students were awarded the role of school services, personal study and Broadcasting in discipline selection but these resources were not available to at least half of them and many of them were not using it in discipline selection. With regarding the results can concluded that a good awareness about students were informational recourses in discipline selection in participants, but many of these resources, specially counseling centers, were not available to these students and they were not using it in their discipline selection.

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Aim: The purpose of present study was to qualitatively investigate the neccassary content for entrepreneurship training courses in the viewpoint of young entrepreneurs who lived in Yazd province, in order to providing more effective training courses. Method: This study was a qualitative research that using grounded theory. The population of the study consisted of men and women who participated in entrepreneurship courses held in Yazd province during 2011-2017 and are currently known as entrepreneur. Purposeful sampling was performed until the theoretical saturation of the interviews. Finally, 20 individuals (16 males and 4 females) were interviewed in a semi-structured manner and then the interviews were analyzed using three phases of open, axial and selective coding. Results: The results showed that in order to improve the effectiveness of entrepreneurship training courses, in intrapersonal dimension, several skills such as self-management, independence, social skills, motivational factors, control and orientation of problems, personality traits, emotional self-regulation and identifying and correcting of cognitive errors should be considered. In interpersonal dimension, coping with destructive behaviors, efficient interpersonal relationships, and social and organizational motivations are more important. In the occupational dimension, legal knowledge, economic, technology knowledge and networking knowledge should be considered. Finally, in the educational dimension, training prerequisites and structural and legal factors must be taken into account in order to have better entrepreneurship training courses. Finally, paradigm model of the content of entrepreneurship training courses was presented. Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that educational content of the current entrepreneurship training courses should be revised.

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The purpose of the present study was to qualitatively study the factors on marital satisfaction from the viewpoint of divorced women before and after marriage. Methods: A qualitative study design based on grounded theory was used. Among the women who referred to the family court of Meybod city and were separated from their husbands, 12 women were selected to participate in the study. The sample size was selected based on theoretical saturation and data was obtained using a semi-structured deep interview. Findings: Results show divorced women before their marriage, either had specific and postmodern viewpoint toward marital satisfaction, or had idealistic and superficial viewpoint about marital life considering a minimal number of problems. After divorce, they believed in concrete and specific criteria for achieving marital satisfaction. The factors affecting marital satisfaction from the viewpoints of the participants before their marriage were classified in concepts such as idealism, superficial, attitudinal understanding, non-specific attitude; after divorce these factors were classified in concepts such as behavior and emotion control, personal and family fitness, rational-intellectualism, management of relationships, and accountability. However, before marriage, divorced women believed in logical criteria, which were retained after divorce. Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be concluded that change in postmodern, unrealistic, and idealistic ideas about marital satisfaction and the tendency to accept the realities of marital relationship can play an effective role in preventing divorce.