Journal of Counseling Research

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Aim: This research has been made in order to study the ways of effects of personality traits, communicative features and cultural contexts on emotional belonging in couples.  

Method: The research methodology was correlational and the statistical population included all couples living in Tehran, Iran, in 2015. From this population, 954 persons (451females and 503 males) were randomly selected via multi-stage cluster sampling from 5 areas of Tehran municipality. Measurement material included the successful marriage inventory. Data analysis was done using AMOS software and path analysis was employed.

Result: Analyzing data indicated that personality traits and the cultural contexts have both direct and indirect (by effect on communicative features) significant effect (p<0/05) on emotional belonging. Also communicative features have significant (p<0/01) direct effect on emotional belonging. 

Conclusion: Findings of this research indicated that emotional belonging in couples has been affected by various factors. These results may be useful for marriage counseling and opening new ways in solving marital problems.

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Life is purposeful by nature. The universe purposefulness is the first important issue in Islamic ontology. The family serves numerous purposes in different forms. The family function is the concept that directly affects needs, goals, satisfaction, and emotions directly.  

There are numerous functions assumed for the marriage. The purposefulness of such function needs to be investigated. This study adopts a qualitative method to scrutinize the intended variable, i.e. the marriage functions purposefulness, in both satisfied/ dissatisfied couples. All the people who are married for at least three years and have one child participated in this study. They all live in Ahvaz.  24 people were selected using systematic sampling procedure. These people were actually the ones who were referred to counseling center of Ahvaz education office. They scored over 70 and less than 30 in Enrich Marital Satisfaction questionnaire. The relevant data was analyzed using in - depth interviews. Grounded theory was also used to analyze the interview findings.   

The results revealed both satisfied/ dissatisfied couples were similar concerning primary functions of marriage. The difference was noticed regarding social skills, affection, and emotions.  

Regarding ontology, the couples' beliefs and attitudes play an important role in their marital life. Attitudes, behaviors, interactions, and communications follow unique directions based on a specific ontological view.  

Key words: marital satisfaction, marriage functions, purposefulness.

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The purpose of this study was to construct an organizational pathology scale and to investigate organizational damage in food industry companies based on the three-branch model. This research is applied study,  in terms of its purpose and in terms of research method, it is a mixed type. The statistical population of this study is all employees of Amol Industrial City Food Industries Company. The sample of these people is 250 people who selected by clustered. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. The validity of the test was confirmed by experts, and its reliability was confirmed by using  cronbach's alpha test was obtained 0/92. The results of factor analysis showed that the questions and their factors have a good correlation. To evaluate organizational pathology based on the three-branch model (behavioral, context and structural components),  were used, descriptive statistics (central indices) and chi square test and the results showed that among the factors related to behavioral factors, the highest percentage of damage was related to motivation and purposefulness component (34%) and in second, job security is about 32%. Among the factors related to structural factors, the highest percentage of damage related to the component of selection and recruitment methods in the organization (about 33%) and the context factor with solo components of individual and social factors is estimated at 31% of the organization's damage.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify and explain the communication reactions of female victims of infidelity. Methods: The present study employed a phenomenoogical qualitative methodology. The study population consisted of female victims of infidelity in Shemiranat in the year 2016. Data collection continued through interviews until theoretical saturation was obtained. For this 18 women who were victims of infidelity were selected through purposive sampling and were investigated using semi-structured interviews, and the elicited data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings: The data analysis in regards to the communication reactions of women victimized by infidelity resulted in two main themes, 10 subthemes, and 29 initial concepts. The main theme and associated sub-themes were: A). ‘The dissociation of communications’ consisting of the following subthemes: 1. the dissociation of mother-child relationship, 2. the dissociation of father-child relationship, 3. the dissociation of marital relationship, 4. The dissociation of family relationships, 5. the dissociation of interpersonal relationships, 6. the dissociation of relationship with God; and B). "Communications continuity", consisting of the following sub-themes: 1. the continuity of spousal relationship, 2. improving the mother-child relationship, 3. getting social support, 4. improving the relationship with God. Conclusions: This study showed that infidelity has similar and sometimes different communicational effects that are experienced by female victims of infidelity. the effects of infidelity can be either maladaptive or adaptive. The results were interpreted based on the social construction and attachment theories.