Showing 347 results for Type of Study: Research
Zahra Amanollahi, Marzieh Madanifar,
Volume 23, Issue 91 (11-2024)
Abstract
Aim: The main purpose of the current research was to explore the commitment-oriented development model of the organization. Method: The current research was conducted in terms of qualitative methodology, based on the Grounded Theory method, and through Purposed sampling. The research community was formed by the employees of20 knowledge-based companies. Using a semi-structured interview, data was collected and after theoretical saturation was achieved, 17people were limited to the interview. To analyze the data, the grounded theory method was used, and in the analysis of the data obtained from the research, coding was done in three consecutive steps; Open coding, selective coding, and theoretical coding. Findings: In the present study, the findings indicate the identification of 300 primary codes, 80 open codes, 12 core codes, and 4 selective codes, which are generally in 4 axes of commitment-oriented organizational culture (commitment-oriented behavior, belief and values), commitment-oriented organizational structure (commitment-oriented supervision and selection, organizational role and organizational justice), commitment-oriented organizational policy (participation and realization of integrated commitment) And the commitment-oriented organizational climate (growth-willing, participation and support) is categorized. Conclusion: The results of the findings indicate that the development of commitment-oriented development in the organization can be implemented in various dimensions of the structure, policy, culture, and organizational atmosphere
Fatemeh Haghighat, Yaser Madani, Keyvan Salehi, Maghsood Farasatkhah, Mehrnoosh Pazargadi,
Volume 23, Issue 91 (11-2024)
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this research is to present a theory to guide a comprehensive and quality counselor training program in Iran. Methods: By adopting a qualitative approach and grounded theory method, data were collected through semi-structured interviews, in the context of counselor training programs in Iran with purposeful sampling; open, central and selective coding was used to analyze the interviews. Results: The findings identified the core category of "personal growth and continuous professional development of the counselor and improvement of the quality of counseling". Other important categories and subcategories were "cognitive excellence" (strengthening critical thinking, strengthening creativity), "enhancing professional performance" (strengthening appropriate evaluation and effectiveness, continuous growth and development of communication and counseling skills) and "intern-oriented active learning" (educational and professional interactions, developmental assignments, continuous self-improvement). Conclusions: As a result of this research, a middle-range theory was formulated to facilitate the guidance of a comprehensive counselor training program, which helps the beneficiaries to ensure the quality and adequacy of this program, also improve the rate of graduates who are ready to enter the counseling profession field and reduce the waste of resources. Policy makers and administrators of various counselor training programs can use this theory as a reference to provide a rich and supportive educational and training environment to help the personal growth and continuous professional development of future counselors; This will ultimately lead to the improvement of the quality of education and counseling services.
Masoumeh Bagheri, Marziyeh Shahryari, Mehran Bondori, Banoo Beigy Malekabad,
Volume 23, Issue 91 (11-2024)
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this research is to identify the attitude of family counselors towards the reasons and contexts of the formation of parallel relationships among couples in city of Ahvaz. Methods: This research was conducted using qualitative approach and grounded theory method through theoretical and purposeful sampling, in which 20 counselors of public and private family centers participated in in-depth interviews. The theoretical sampling process continued until the data saturation stage was reached. The collected data were analyzed using open, axial and selective coding. Results: The emerged model includes three dimensions of conditions, action-interactions, and consequences. The "conditions" dimension includes the deterioration of public attitudes and opinions, virtual space facilitating extra-marital relationships, sensationalism and lack of body care, couples' unwillingness to talk to each other, not maintaining the boundaries of personal life, immersion in family roles and social, imposition of choice and hidden protest, experience of modern love and marital frustration, not being able to cope, lack of satisfaction with married life, "action-interaction" dimension, including trying to relieve the significant other, "consequences" dimension, including the elimination of the culture of shame and modesty, self-deception and other insidious deception, fighting with oneself and obsessively searching for love, social isolation and the prevalence of social harms, which are formed around the core category of "hidden objection to life without love". Conclusion: Given that, parallel relationships are a danger to the health and safety of the family and society. Therefore, by using the concepts extracted in this research, experts can identify the platforms for the formation of parallel relationships and examine the strategies, and it can be a guide in couple therapy and pre-marital counseling.
Ebrahim Fehli,
Volume 23, Issue 91 (11-2024)
Abstract
Aim: The current research aimed to conduct a comparative study of the meaning of life in atheistic existentialism and the Quranic view of Allameh Tabataba’i. Methods: This research was carried out with a qualitative approach and the thematic analysis method of Brown and Clark and the comparative method of Brady. The research population includes all the documents, written sources and articles related to the subject and the purposeful sampling method and the adequacy of the sample size of the studied documents was obtained through the data saturation method. The research tool was document analysis, whose validity was examined by the Lincoln and Goba method concerning four criteria of credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability, and the data were analyzed by the thematic analysis method. Results: In the analysis of the themes, it was found that the atheistic existentialism and the Qur'anic view of Allameh Tabataba'i could be investigated and recognized with 3 themes respectively in the fields of epistemology, cosmology and anthropology. Conclusion: The results indicated a consensus between the two perspectives on humans' existential need for the meaning of life and the emergence of a psychological crisis in case of any disruption in its realization. Atheistic existentialism and the Quranic view of Allameh Tabataba’i were significantly different in the possibility of meaning achievement, the ways of acquiring meaning, and whether to find or construct meaning (epistemology), the purposefulness of the world and the existence of the resurrection (cosmology), and human purpose in the world, the pre-birth essence, existential anxiety, and the existence of the soul and the inherent value of human (anthropology). These fundamental differences can be attributed to the human- and God-centered perspectives in atheistic existentialism and the Quranic view of Allameh Tabataba’i, respectively.
Seyyed Behrooz Hashemi Tonekaboni, Mohammad Hossein Zarghami, Davoud Nodehi,
Volume 23, Issue 91 (11-2024)
Abstract
Aim: The success and failure of marriage plays a fundamental role in well-being of society and individuals. Therefore, it is highly desirable to have a method to evaluate and predict the future of a marriage. As such, the aim of the present study is to validate Gottman's (2012) “success and failure in marriage questionnaires”. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study and the research design used a descriptive-correlation and test validation. Modern method of multivariate item-response theory was used for data analysis. The questionnaires used in this research were for validation, criticism, contempt, defensiveness, stonewalling, and attitude about Gottman’s past (1401). Results: In this study, the best model for factor analysis was determined to be the item-response multivariate factor analysis method and with the aid of this model, two dimensions were reported for the Gottman questionnaires. Also, the items factor loadings, the parameters of the Item-response theory and the analysis of the Items were reported. Conclusion: At the end, two dimensions of "fight mode" and "positive and negative emotions towards marriage and spouse" were identified for these questionnaires. Data analysis showed that Gottman's questionnaires have good validity in Iranian families and can be used in clinical, research and organizational environments and it is suitable to assess Iranian families. Also, the data in this research showed that Gottman's theory has good empirical support, regardless of the cultural context
Suzan Heydarpour, Mehdi Zare Bahramabadi, Somayeh Robat Mili, Reza Ghoban Jahromi,
Volume 23, Issue 92 (2-2025)
Abstract
Aim: Psychological counseling, supervision and consultation in the online setting have become widespread. The aim of this study was to design, develop and validate a career empowerment program for online counselors and its effectiveness on job self-efficacy. Methods: The present research was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, career empowerment sessions were developed after reviewing the literature and existing concepts in online counseling. Then, 5 psychology and counseling experts determined the content validity of the sessions. In the second stage, a semi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test and a control group, with a follow-up 2 months was used. The statistical population included online counselors in Tehran (Iran) in winter of 2024, who were evaluated by two-stage sampling. In the first stage, screening was done based on subjective sampling. In the second stage, based on the simple random method, 20 people were selected from among the qualified counselors with the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study and were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (10 individuals each). The career empowerment program was administered to the experimental group for 7 sessions, and after 2 month, a follow-up was done. Data was collected using job self-efficacy questionnaire of Riggs and Knight (1994). Findings: The results indicated that career empowerment program has acceptable content validity. Furthermore, the results of training intervention showed that career empowerment program significantly increase the symptoms of job self-efficacy in online counselors (F=21/433, sig=0.001) and this effect was also significant in the follow-up phase. Conclusion: Career empowerment program can be considered as a valid and effective program for increase job self-efficacy in online counselors
Miss Prshang Bahramyan,
Volume 23, Issue 92 (2-2025)
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of meaning therapy approach on life expectancy. Methods: This research determined the effect size of the meaning therapy approach by using the meta-analysis technique and by integrating the results of different research. The statistical population included all the articles in the field of the effectiveness of the meaning therapy approach on life expectancy, which were 15, and a total of 12 methodologically acceptable studies were selected and meta-analysis was performed on them. The sources of data search included the scientific information database, the Noor specialized journals database, the Iran Journals Information Bank, and the comprehensive humanities portal. Data analysis and effect size calculation were done using CMA3 software and g-index. Findings: The results of this meta-analysis showed that the effect of meaning therapy approach on life expectancy is (1.76) (P<0.001), which is evaluated as a large effect size according to Cohen's table. Conclusion: It seems that the meaning therapy approach can be used as a suitable method to improve life expectancy in medical and educational centers.
Hamidreza Aghamohammadian Sharbaf, Marzieh Dindoost, Samin Baharshanjani,
Volume 23, Issue 92 (2-2025)
Abstract
Aim: One of the main challenges for psychology and counseling students to start their careers is the lack of skills in managing meetings and communicating with clients. On the other hand, most of the academic units in universities are assigned to the theoretical part and practical courses are neglected; meanwhile, the role of the internship unit for psychology and counseling students cannot be ignored. The purpose of this research was to identify the necessary standards for completing internship courses from the point of view of psychology and counseling graduate students. Methods: The present research was conducted using a qualitative method utilizing thematic analysis. The studied sample were 13 psychology and counseling masters and doctoral students in Tehran. Targeted sampling was used. A semi-structured interview was conducted, then it was transcribed verbatim, and the data was analyzed using the seven-step Colaizzi method. Findings: In this study, 3 main themes were identified, including the necessary criteria for the supervising professor, the necessary criteria for the educational-therapeutic environment and student assignments, and 11 sub-themes were identified. Conclusion: The results of the research show that improving the quality of internships for psychology and counseling students requires strengthening the three elements of the supervising professor, the appropriate educational-therapeutic environment, and the active participation of the student. This can pave the way for better training of future therapists by providing quality supervision, adequate facilities, and educational and professional support.
Ata Yavari, Seyed Bashir Hosseini,
Volume 23, Issue 92 (2-2025)
Abstract
Aim: Religion, and, in general, culture are among the most important components of national identity worldwide. Islam is considered one of the primary criteria for the national identity of Iranians. Therefore, strengthening national identity is somewhat linked to reinforcing religious foundations. Among these religious foundations, beliefs serve as the underlying base, and within the principles of belief, monotheism is regarded as the most important element. This article aims to identify the requirements and methods for teaching monotheism to adolescents through edutainment and television programs to enhance their national identity. Methods: Part of the research related to the foundational issues was conducted using documentary and library methods, while the upper-level research, due to a lack of library resources and the novelty of the concept of edutainment in our academic literature, utilized in-depth interviews with experts and specialists. In-depth and targeted interviews were conducted with specialized experts. After conducting the interviews and going through the stages of recording and documentation, the desired data was obtained Findings: In our religious and national culture, numerous uses have been made of this strategy. Since the concept of monotheism is the highest element among Islamic teachings and exists like a soul within the body of all Islamic regulations, it is essential to avoid oversimplifying its education. Shallowing this concept is harmful, and care must be taken to preserve it. Balancing entertainment and education, as well as accurately and correctly understanding today's youth, are also essential requirements in this matter.
Zahra Zahra, Maryam Fatehizade, Faramarz Asanjarani,
Volume 23, Issue 92 (2-2025)
Abstract
Aim: This research was done with the aim of revealing the concerns of unmarried girls before marriage. Methods: The phenomenological method was used to conduct this research. For this purpose, a semi-structured interview was conducted with fifteen 20–30 year-old single girls on the verge of marriage who reported having conflicts with their parents about marriage. The data was analyzed using content analysis, based on the Claysey analysis method. Findings: In this study, 2 main themes and 20 sub-themes were extracted, which include: a). parents' perceived concerns (with 6 sub-themes); and b). girls' concerns (with 14 sub-themes). The results of the analysis showed that the perceived concerns of parents in the field of marriage include: parents' belief that youngsters seek excitement, fear of the girl getting older, fear of the girl being helpless and alone, wrong selection by the daughter, and lack of readiness and maturity, and unfamiliarity with the boy dating. The worries of single girls on the verge of marriage include: compatibility with the husband's family, problems after marriage, fear of marriage, difficulty in compatibility with the future spouse, worry about the future, feeling of being limited in marriage, lack of progress after marriage, prediction of dissatisfaction after marriage, moving away from family, fear of future spouse's possible betrayal, lack of another date in the future, excessive negligence by parents in marriage and the effect of negative characteristics of the girl in marriage and marriage with an ideal person. Conclusion: It seems that girls on the verge of marriage suffer from a fear and worry about marriage and its related issues, which brings annoying consequences such as delay in marriage, therefore changes in the organization of attitudinal-cognitive and behavioral patterns it is needed.
Dr Zahra Sadat Pour Seyyed Aghaei,
Volume 23, Issue 92 (2-2025)
Abstract
Aim: The present study was conducted with the aim of formulating a model of marital distress based on communication patterns and attachment styles with the mediating role of resilience in homemaker women. Methods: The present research had an applied objective and utilized a descriptive correlational method with a path analysis design for data collection. The statistical population of this study consisted of all homemaker women in the Narges Akbatan Community Group in Tehran during the first three months of the year 1401 (Solar Hijri calendar), from which 384 individuals were selected as the sample group, using convenience sampling. The research instruments included the Marital Distress Questionnaire, Communication Patterns Questionnaire, Attachment Styles Questionnaire, and Resilience Scale. Finally, the data were analyzed using the linear regression method within the path analysis framework, utilizing SPSS24 and AMOS23 software for statistical analysis. Findings: The results showed that communication patterns, secure and anxious attachment styles have a direct relationship with marital distress in homemaker women (p < 0.01). Moreover, resilience was able to mediate the relationship between communication patterns and marital distress, as well as the relationship between secure and avoidant attachment styles and marital distress in homemaker women (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The findings of this research indicate that in order to reduce marital distress in homemaker women, identifying couples' communication styles and attempting to change unhealthy communication patterns, through resilience-based training, counseling, and other interventions, can be effective.
Kianoush Zahrakar, Aysan Sharei, Ali Salmani,
Volume 23, Issue 92 (2-2025)
Abstract
Aim: The primary aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of strengths-based psychotherapy in decreasing anxiety sensitivity and panic attacks among adolescents diagnosed with major depressive disorder. Methods: The method of the present study was an experiment with a pre-test and a post-test with a control group. The present study population comprised of female teenagers diagnosed with major depressive disorder who visited the academic counseling center in city of Ardabil (Iran) between April to June 2024. In this research, 30 eligible participants were chosen through purposive sampling and randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group (15 individuals each). Data collection involved use of Beck's depression questionnaire 1996), anxiety sensitivity measures by Taylor and Cox (1998), and panic symptom assessments by Liebowitz and colleagues (1984). The experimental group received strengths-based psychotherapy consisting of 8 ninety-minute weekly sessions, and post-test evaluations were conducted for both groups to assess the intervention's impact. Data analysis was performed using multivariate covariance analysis in SPSS-24 statistical software. Findings: The results revealed that the mean scores of the experimental group for anxiety sensitivity (F=90.54, P≤0.001) and panic attacks (F=11.90, P≤0.05) were significantly lower than those of the control group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that strengths-based psychotherapy could serve as a novel and effective approach to reducing anxiety sensitivity and panic attacks in adolescents diagnosed with major depressive disorder.
Saleh Salehi, Fahimeh Fadakar Davarani,
Volume 23, Issue 92 (2-2025)
Abstract
Aim: This research was conducted to investigate the effect of emotion-focused approach training on improving interpersonal sensitivity in couples on the verge of divorce. Methods: The research method was quantitative and semi-experimental (pre-test-post-test design, with control group). The statistical population of the present study includes couples on the verge of divorce in Tehran province, regions 11 and 12, who are between the ages of 25 and 35 years old and have been selected voluntarily and based on the inclusion criteria for the study. The sample size of the study was 20 couples on the verge of divorce, who were selected by random sampling from couples on the verge of divorce who had referred to legal centers and counseling centers in Tehran for legal matters. The data collection tool was the interpersonal sensitivity questionnaire, and to test the research hypotheses, multivariate analysis of covariance was used with the assumptions (homogeneity of regression coefficients, linearity of the relationship between variables, normal distribution of the studied characteristic, homogeneity of variances). Findings: The results of the study indicate that the dimensions of interpersonal sensitivity (interpersonal awareness, need for approval, separation anxiety, shyness, and low self-esteem) in couples on the verge of divorce who received emotion-focused approach training were lower than those in couples who did not receive this training. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the emotion-focused approach training program had a significant effect on improving interpersonal sensitivity in couples on the verge of divorce and could be considered as an effective training program by psychologists and counselors.
Haniyeh Honari Fotovat, Mohsen Golmohammadian, Mohsen Hojatkhah,
Volume 24, Issue 93 (3-2025)
Abstract
Aim: The present research is an analysis of the lived experience of successful students in making career decisions. Methods: The research method is quantitative and qualitative. In the quantitative part, Bezo Taylor's Career Decision Questionnaire (1983) was used to identify successful students in career decision-making, and in the qualitative part, in-depth interviews were used to investigate the experiences of successful students in career decision-making. The statistical population of this research includes all female students in the 11th ,12th grades in the academic year of 1401-1402 in Kermanshah city, and the sampling method in the first stage, which was conducted with the aim of identifying successful students in making career decisions, is random. 200 students completed the career decision questionnaire. In the second step, students' grades were calculated using spss_22 software, and those who scored higher than one standard deviation were identified as successful students in making career decisions, and 15 of them were interviewed in depth. In the last two interviews, no new information was obtained and the data reached saturation. Findings: After examining and coding the data of each group in three stages of open, central and selective coding, a total of 43 concepts were obtained in relation to the experiences of successful students in making career decisions, which were categorized into 10 central categories. And finally, they were classified into 3 categories: self-knowledge, environmental factors, and occupation. Conclusions: According to the findings of the research, it can be said that the student's knowledge of himself, the job he is considering, and the environment in which he is located, play a strong and influential role in his career decision. Paying attention to the concepts resulting from the review of experiences can be useful to help other students in making career decisions.
Helia Behrouznia, Dr. Keyvan Salehi, Dr. Yaser Madani, Dr. Somayeh Shahmoradi,
Volume 24, Issue 93 (3-2025)
Abstract
Abstract
Aim: Single-session therapy is a method designed to address the client's issues in the shortest possible time and emphasizes efficiency and maximum use of time. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of single-session therapy on marital intimacy.
Method: This research employed a mixed-methods explanatory design. The statistical population included all couples who visited to the Behzist Clinic in Tehran in 2023 with marital problems with marital problems. A total of 30 couples were selected through convenience sampling and assigned to experimental and control groups. In the quantitative phase, the effect of this intervention was assessed using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with a control group, and using and the Walker and Thompson Marital Intimacy Scale (1983). In the qualitative phase, data from semi-structured interviews were collected with the same participants from the experimental group and analyzed by descriptive phenomenology method following the Colaizzi method.
Findings: The quantitative results indicated that single-session therapy significantly improves marital intimacy (P ≤ 0.05). The qualitative findings also revealed improvements in marital intimacy, aligning with the subscales and questions of the Marital Intimacy Scale and supporting the quantitative results.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that single-session therapy can be used as a practical, short-term, and effective approach to improve marital intimacy, and its results can be useful for therapists and future researchers and encourage couples to use this method to enhance intimacy in their marital life.
Elahe Pakseresht, Dr Kosar Dehdast,
Volume 24, Issue 93 (3-2025)
Abstract
Aim: Due to the necessity of explaining the criteria for choosing a spouse, taking into account the needs of Iranian society, this research has focused on studying the lived experiences of young girls regarding the criteria for choosing a spouse based on the approach of Sahmgozari model based on Islamic ontology. Method: The research method is based on phenomenology. In the sampling process, interviews were conducted with 16 married young girls who had the indicators of Sahmgozari lifestyle such as feelings of tranquility and growth, agency, formative relationships, etc. in their lives. Targeted semi-structured interviews were conducted. Interviews continued until theoretical saturation and coding was done. Findings: Three main criteria for choosing a spouse, before marriage, to achieve the "desired self as a Sahmgozar in marital life after marriage" were obtained. The first criteria were "development-oriented and tranquility-inducing attitudes in spouses", the second criterion was "awareness and preparedness regarding similarity-inducing and difference-inducing criteria", and the third criterion was "awareness of paths of personal growth and maturity". Conclusion: Criteria for choosing a spouse based on the model of Sahmgozari can expand the girls' intellectual horizon regarding marriage and help them make a rational choice of spouse.
Dr Razie Amini, Dr Ahmad Sadeghi, Dr Paisa Nilforooshan,
Volume 24, Issue 93 (3-2025)
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of intervention based on social cognitive model of career self-management on intention and identity of academic entrepreneurship in isfahan university postgraduate students. Method: This was a quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest with control group and Random assignment. The study population consisted of all the isfahan university postgraduate students between 2022 and 2023. Thirty volunteer were selected with convenience sampling and divided randomly into experimental and control groups (fifty persons). Participants completed academic entrepreneurial intentions scale (Goethner et al, 2012) and entrepreneur identification of academic’s scale (Guo et a, 2019). The experimental group received intervention based on social cognitive model of career self-management in ten sessions and 90 minutes for each session. The data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance. Findings: The results showed this intervention increased the postgraduate students’ academic entrepreneurship identity and intention (p(01/0 > . Conclusion: So intervention based on social cognitive model of career self-management increase student’s intention in academic entrepreneurship pathway and help them to building and developing the academic entrepreneurship identity and do these through increased the process and coping self-efficacy, adaptive career behaviors, career designing and exploration activity, facilitation the contextual and environmental effects.
Mrs Fatemeh Kafinia, Mrs Tayebeh Sharifi, Mr Ahmad Ghazanfari,
Volume 24, Issue 93 (3-2025)
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of mindfulness therapy based on compassion and mentalization therapy on the resilience of mothers with children with a teachable intellectual disability. Method: This research was conducted using a semi-experimental method and using a pre-test, post-test and follow-up plan with a control group. The statistical population included mothers with children with educational intellectual disabilities in Farsan city in the second half of 1402, 45 of them were selected by available sampling and randomly assigned to 3 groups (15 people in each group). Then the experimental group (1) received 8 sessions of 90-minute mindfulness therapy based on compassion and the experimental group (2) also received 8 sessions of 90-minute mentalization therapy. The measuring tool of the research was resilience questionnaire (Connor and Davidson, 2003) and short clinical interview. Findings: The research data were analyzed using variance analysis with repeated measurements on one factor (mixed design). The results showed that the two intervention methods had a lasting effect on increasing the mean of resilience and its subscales (P<0.01), while it was found that there is no significant difference between the effectiveness of mindfulness intervention based on compassion and mentalization therapy on resilience and its subscales. (P < 0.05). Conclusion: According to the results obtained from the research, it was concluded that by using both methods of treatment, the resilience of mothers with children with a teachable intellectual disability can be increased.
Mr Sadegh Kasir, Dr Abbas Amanelahi, Dr Gholamreza Rajabi, Dr Zabihollah Abbaspoor,
Volume 24, Issue 93 (3-2025)
Abstract
Aim: Although infertility is not classified as a life-threatening condition, But it is a crisis in life that has consequences in psychological, family, social and cultural fields. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of investigating and explaining the consequences of infertility on male spouses of infertile couples with an emphasis on sexual function.
Methods: The current research was conducted qualitatively and with the grounded theory method. Therefore, a semi-structured interview was conducted with 14 male spouses of infertile couples who sought treatment for their infertility during the year 1402 with the Purposive sampling method, and its findings were analyzed with the method of Strauss and Corbin (1999) and three methds of open coding, axial and was selectively analyzed.
Findings:The findings showed that infertility has a negative effect on the sexual function of male spouses of infertile couples and this negative effect brings different individual and couple consequences for these people. The marital effects of infertility on male spouses of infertile couples included sufferings and emotional-relational difficulties affected by childless life and helplessness in managing marital sexual conflicts. Also, individual results included sexual difficulties and problems that affected by childless life and sadness caused by sexual dissatisfaction.
Conclusion: The findings of the present study can be used as a suggestions for referring infertile people or couples to sexual health and sexual relations specialists. These findings should be taken into consideration by sex professionals to provide sex-related information to infertile individuals or couples.
Dr Maryam Sayad Shirazi, Mr Naemeh Nouri,
Volume 24, Issue 93 (3-2025)
Abstract
Objective: Marriage, as a fundamental social institution, faces significant challenges in the modern era, underscoring the critical importance of premarital counseling. This study aims to identify the existing gaps in premarital counseling from the perspective of experts, offering insights into its weaknesses and proposing actionable strategies to enhance the quality and effectiveness of these services.
Method: Utilizing a qualitative research design with a thematic analysis approach, this study explored the perspectives and experiences of experts regarding the shortcomings of premarital counseling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 15 participants (10 women and 5 men), continuing until theoretical saturation was achieved.
Findings: The analysis of the data revealed meaningful statements that were categorized into basic, organizing, and global themes. Five organizing themes emerged, encompassing the essential requirements of premarital counseling, conducive contexts for its improvement, existing challenges and gaps, necessary strategies, and the outcomes of premarital counseling, all structured within three overarching global themes.
Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that premarital counseling plays a vital role in reducing marital conflicts and enhancing marital satisfaction. However, it is confronted with challenges such as a shortage of specialized counselors and insufficient educational programs. To improve the quality of these services, it is imperative to develop comprehensive educational programs, increase public awareness, and implement standardized assessment tools.
