Journal of Counseling Research

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The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of Collaborative Language Systems Therapy on Self- efficacy in Students .Method of research was quasi-experimental with pretest - posttest and control group design. The statistical population involved all referred couples to university counseling centers in Tehran. The sample of study consisted of 28 subjects(14 couples)that were randomly selected and allocated into experimental and control groupe.The experimental group participated in 8 sessions of collaborative Language Therapy. The measurement instrument was Coping self–Efficacy Scale (CSE) and Demographic Data Questionnaire. The results were analyzed with covariate using SPSS software. The result indicated that Collaborative Language Systems (CLST) Therapy, increased self-efficacy and enhanced subscales of Self-efficacy.

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This study has been done to the effectiveness of couple therapy with Satir's approach on improving couple functions and decreasing marital burnout. The method of this study was quasi experimental (groups pretest-post test). Samples were 20 couples (10 couples in first experiment group and 10 couples in control group) which referred to Sanandaj counseling centers. They were assigned randomly to control and experiment groups. Then 8 Satir's approach sessions have been performed. Each group's dependent variables were assessed in pre test and post tests. Instruments were Family Assessment Devise (FAD) and Couple Burnout Measure (CBM). Aalysis data was done through ANCOVA. The results showed that couple therapy with Satir's approach improved the couple's functions in experiment groups. Moreover couple therapies with Satir's approach have decreased marital burnout in comparison with control group.

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The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of Imago Therapy techniques and life skills training program in communication' Patterns for young couples. The population in this study was young couples who have referred to counseling centers in Bushehr. The sample consisted of 90 subjects (45 pairs) and they were replaced into two experimental groups and one control group. After the pre-test, each group for 10 sessions (one session per week) exposure to life skills education and training of Imago Therapy techniques. The research instrument was the questionnaire of communication pattern. For data analysis, covariance and regression analyzes were used. Results showed that both Imago Therapy techniques and life skills training was effective on improving couples' communication patterns. With comparing the two methods,( Imago Therapy techniques and life skills training) life skills training, is more effective in improving couples' communication patterns.

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Besharat, M. A - Salehi, M - Rostamian, A - Ghorbani, N The aim of this study was to design and test the effectiveness of a couples oriented emotional-cognitive-behavioral intervention model and patient-oriented cognitive-behavioral intervention model of sexual problems in women with rheumatoid arthritis. The research used a quasi-experimental design with pretest, and post-test, and a 3 month of follow-up. The research samples consisted of 90 women with rheumatoid arthritis recruited from Imam Khomeini hospital’s rheumatology corridor as well as 2 rheumatology medical offices in northern and central Tehran. They were divided to three groups, including the first experimental group (intervention based on the couples-oriented emotional-cognitive-behavioral model), the second experimental group (intervention based on the patient-oriented cognitive-behavioral model), and the control group. The measuring instrument used was Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS-F) which was filled by participants at the pre-test, post-test, and 3-month follow-up stages. The inflammatory marker (CRP) levels also were measured through blood tests before and after interventions. The result of repeated measures analysis showed that both models can be effective, but in comparison with the patient–oriented intervention, the couple–oriented intervention seemed to have a more significant positive impact on the reduction of sexual symptoms. However, there was still no difference in the level of the inflammatory marker (CRP) in pre and post tests of the 3 groups. According to the findings, it can be concluded that the couples-oriented emotional-cognitive-behavioral intervention can be used as an effective intervention to reduce sexual problems in patients with rheumatoid arthritis even though it does not seem to have any impact on the inflammatory marker (CRP).

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Ronak Eshghi - Fatemeh Bahrami - Maryam Fatehizadeh - Amir Keshavarz Hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) or Frigidity is one of the most common female sexual dysfunction (FSD) that can cause marked distress and interpersonal difficulties. This condition may significantly damage the marital relationship and as such weaken family life. Hypoactive sexual desire disorder may have roots in lack of knowledge or insufficient awareness, or incorrect attitudes towards sexual relationship. The purpose of this investigation was to study the effectiveness of couples sexual cognitive-behavioral therapy on improvement of HSDD symptoms and its dimensions (behavioral, cognitive, emotional, and physical) in women who suffered from this condition in city of Isfahan. This research was quasi-experimental with pretest and posttest, with control group. The sample in this study were 18 couples who had referred to counseling centers in Isfahan, who were randomly selected and assigned to experimental and control groups. Researchers used a modified version of female frigidity scale consisting of written and visual items (Eshghi & Bahrami, 2005). The experimental group received 8 sessions of couples sexual cognitive-behavioral therapy, while the control group was received no intervention. The results of covariance analysis indicated that the specific counselingintervention was effective in women's total frigidity scores (P=0.0001) and its subscales: behavioral subscale (P=0.00), cognitive subscale (P=0.003), emotional subscale (P=0.0001), and physical subscale (P=0.003). The results of the present study showed that couples sexual cognitive-behavioral therapy appears to improve female sexual desire through improvement of couples sexual knowledge, sexual attitudes and beliefs, sexual skills, and sexual self-disclosure.

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Aminnasab, z - Farahbakhsh,k Developing a stable professional identity, especially in counseling is a time-taking process. The goal of this study was to analyze the experiences of graduates in helping professions on the way of becoming professionals, so that the obtained data be used to clarify, in teaching, and for career supervision. The research method was qualitative in nature (phenomenological) with purposeful sampling. The sample population consisted of 23 counseling graduates with average of 4 years of working experience. The interviews were semi-structured in which the participants shared their experience of becoming professionals. Following data collection, coding and sentences related to their most important experiences (feelings of professional identity, expectations involved, counseling metaphors, and perspectives about rewards in counseling jobs) were drawn and analyzed. Responses showed indicated that participants seemed to be aware of profession's requirements and posses a sense of worth and effectiveness in the profession. Results of this study show the strengths, risks, and areas in need of growth in process of training counselors, which can be useful for academic programs in counseling.

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The current research with the aim of investigating the relation between differentiation (I-Position), secure attachment style and marital satisfaction with couple optimism intermediary was done among the first –grade students parental of Darab city in the years of 2012-2013. Three hundreds and fourteen parents were selected using the method of multi-clustering sampling and they completed the questionnaires of Self Differentiation (I-position), secure attachment style, optimism of couple and marital satisfaction, The data were analyzed by the method multiple hierarchical regression simultaneously with method of Baron and Canny for studying the two designed models. The findings about the first supposed model showed that there are a positive relationship between I-position, couple optimism, and marital satisfaction, couple optimism is an mediate between I- position and marital satisfaction. The findings about the second supposed model showed that there are a positive relationship between secure attachment style and couple optimism, and marital satisfaction. The couple optimism is a mediate between secure attachment style and marital satisfaction. These results confirm that the primary relationship of people in a family environment leads to the shaping of special attachment style and states of low or high differentiation and these primary experiences have direct effect on couples’ interpersonal relationship in adulthood. Couple optimism also has the intermediary role between secure attachment style and I-position with marital satisfaction.

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This qualitative study was done for the purpose of comparing the couple relationships in the view of mothers of children with disability and mothers of normal children. For doing this qualitative study , 12 mothers with mentally retarded children in the daily rehabilitation center of Ahang and 12 mothers with normal children who referred to quarter houses of Nabi Akram and Chaharsad Dastgah , were chosen by convenience sampling method. General and open questions in the subject of co-parent communication were expressed through in-depth interview. The information gained from interviews analyzed and coded with content - analysis method and with the Strauss-Corbin model. The results have also shown that parents of normal children communicate better than parents of mentally retarded children. In terms of self-attention and having talking skills , paying attention to life partner and using healthy communicational patterns , parents of normal children are in a better situation , but there was no noticeable difference in the problem-solving methods in both families. Relationships among couples are one of the crucial basics of the family which play an important role in adapting family members with the suffering member. Thus , it needs more researches in the context of couple relationships in these families. furthermore , since mothers have closer relationship with the disabled child , they face more impairment both physically and emotionally. So they need more educational programs and incorporeal supports.

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Aim: life’s quality is a broad term that encompasses all aspects of a person's current life. Reduction life’s quality can have a lot of problems for people. For this reason, the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of couple therapy combining cognitive-behavioral and Structural upon life’s quality of couples who are divorcing. Methods: This study was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest and nonequivalent control group. The study's sample composed of all couples having conflicting referring to family counseling center of Sanandaj Justice in 1391. 32 Person of couples conflicting were selected by random sampling in both experimental and control groups (each group of 16 Person). The instrument of data collecting was life’s quality Questionnaire of World Health Organization(WHOQOL-BREF).. Couples of experimental group received 10 sessions cognitive-behavioral and structural therapy. The data were analyzed by using covariance multivariate analysis . Findings: Results showed that combining couple therapy could have increase life’s quality and its aspects in experimental group in compare to control group (p≤0/05, F=3/554). Conclusion: Results of this study have emphasized the role and effect of couple therapy combining cognitive-behavioral with structural on life’s quality of couples divorcing.

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Aim: This research has been made in order to study the ways of effects of personality traits, communicative features and cultural contexts on emotional belonging in couples.  

Method: The research methodology was correlational and the statistical population included all couples living in Tehran, Iran, in 2015. From this population, 954 persons (451females and 503 males) were randomly selected via multi-stage cluster sampling from 5 areas of Tehran municipality. Measurement material included the successful marriage inventory. Data analysis was done using AMOS software and path analysis was employed.

Result: Analyzing data indicated that personality traits and the cultural contexts have both direct and indirect (by effect on communicative features) significant effect (p<0/05) on emotional belonging. Also communicative features have significant (p<0/01) direct effect on emotional belonging. 

Conclusion: Findings of this research indicated that emotional belonging in couples has been affected by various factors. These results may be useful for marriage counseling and opening new ways in solving marital problems.

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Purpose: This research was conducted to examine the efficacy of the integrative couple therapy and emotionally focused on increasing marital intimacy injured by wife infidelity (male).

Method: The research method was Semi experimental (pre-test, post-test, and follow-up) using two experimental groups and one control group. The study population included all couples involved with the issue of marital infidelity (male) referred to one of three regional counseling centers in Isfahan in 1394. To investigate research assumptions, 24 couples were selected through available sampling, and placed randomly in the Integrative Couple Therapy (8 couples), Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy (8 couples) and control group (8couples). For data collection, Marital Intimacy Questionnaire by Olia, Fatehizadeh and Bahrami (2006) was applied. Two experimental groups participated in 8 session's couple therapy, the control groups was not exposed to any intervention. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance with repeated measures.

Results: The results showed that between couples of each experimental groups and control group in marital intimacy and its dimensions (emotional, intellectual, physical, social- recreation, contact, spiritual, psychological, sexual, general) there are significant differences (P≤0/05). The results also showed that two approaches, both on the post-test and on the follow up test, are almost identical in increasing general marital intimacy (P<0/05). While, emotionally focused couple therapy, both on the post-test and on the follow up test, is more effective than integrative couple therapy on increasing  marital intimacy in dimensions of emotional, intellectual, contact, spiritual and  sexual.

Conclusion: The results indicated that integrative couple therapy and emotionally focused couple therapy can reduce communication problems caused by betrayed wife. 

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Abstract

Subjective: The aim of this study was to identify affecting factors on the marital commitment considering Iranian couple’s viewpoints.Method: The research method was qualitative and performed using content analysis. Based on purposive sampling and theoretical saturation criterion, 10 couples participated in this study. Data collection used with semi-structured in-depth interviews.Findings: After content analysis of data, three main categories were identified: couple competency, individual competency, and contextual factors. couple competency has 12 sub-categories, which include: Encouragement and reassurance, Genuineness , conflict management, Humorous attitude, Coordination and consultation, Clarity of roles, Social networking, support and companionship, fidelity, Imagining a future for a relationship, making effort to communicate and offering tangible reminder and individual competency has 4 sub-categories includes modeling of original family, experiences of original family, Religious and spiritual beliefs and values, Positive attitudes to marriage and contextual factors Including a subcategory as demographic characteristics.conclusion: Increasing marital commitment and stability of marriage is required achieving and having skills in all three areas, and considering the roles of each area can be improving marital commitment by making packages based on this factors.

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Aim: The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of training integrative behavioral-systems couple therapy on psychological wellbeing of maladaptive couples. Method: The present study was applied in case of purpose and quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and control group, follow-up design in case of method. The statistical population of the study included all the couples referred to Siavashan, AvayeMehr, Kamran consultation centers and specialized neuropsychological center in the city of Tehran in 2015.24 couples (48 people) of the clients of these centers were selected through available sampling method and they were randomly put into experimental and control groups in order to do the study. The research instrument included Riff’s (1967) 84-question psychological wellbeing questionnaire. Before administering training intervention, both group members were assessed through pretest and then 10 sessions of therapy design (once a week) were implemented. After finishing therapy sessions, posttest and two-month follow-up stages were administered. The collected data were analyzed via mixed ANOVA and Bonferroni follow-up test via SPSS 24 software. Finding: The data analysis results showed that behavioral-systems couple therapy has led to the significant increase in the mean score of experimental group couples at posttest and follow-up stages (p<0.001). Conclusion: Considering the lowness of maladaptive couples psychological wellbeing, according to the findings of the present study, behavioral-systems couple therapy can be employed to improve their psychological wellbeing.
 

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Goal: this research has carried out with the aim of compering the effectiveness of face to face and virtual Cognitive-behavioral Couples Therapy on the Post-traumatic stress disorderin Extra-Marital Relations .

Methods: the method was a semi-experimental plan with Pretest and post test Implementation, among all the couples who were coping with Marital infidelity (Women betrayed) and visited counseling  and Psychological clinic in Qazvin,36 couples who have the qualifications to participate in the curing sessions has been selected Accessibly and they divided into 3 groups with 12 members with the methods of  random alternative (tow experimental group and one The control group). Subjects of the face to face and virtual Cognitive-behavioral Couples Therapy, each one have 12/1:30 hours sessions and The control group received no interruptions. Data collection tools, including post-traumatic stress disorder scale Mississippi. datas has been analyzed with the method of Multivariate analysis of variance.

Datas: the results indicates that among the couples in experimental and control groups in The dependent variable (clues of Post-traumatic stress) there is a meaningful difference. also results claim that, although both methods have their meaningful effect, the face to face method is much more successful.

Conclusion: the results can be used in Cognitive-behavioral intervention, in both face to face and virtual methods for couples who are coping with post-traumatic stress disorder caused by extramarital relationships

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The purpose of the present study is to develop and evaluate psychometric properties of the Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Skills of Couples Scale (IISCS). In terms of testing, the research method was of descriptive type and the sampled statistical population included married men and women living in the city of Tehran, Iran. In this respect, 470 Iranian married men and women (277 women and 193 men) volunteered to participate in the given study.
The resulting scale in this study was the Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Skills of Couples Scale (IISCS). To develop this scale, the first step involved planning for the subject matter of the test and the second step contained designing a questionnaire based on theoretical foundations and reviews of existing questionnaires. The given scale was implemented in two stages and the final questionnaire was analyzed in order to assess its construct validity through measurement methods including internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha coefficient), Pearson correlation coefficient, test-retest method, exploratory factor analysis, as well as confirmatory factor analysis.
 According to the findings of this study, Cronbach’s alpha coefficients (internal consistency) were from 0.65 to 0.78 and the results of the test-retest method confirmed the correlation coefficients between 0.54 and 0.81. In this regard, the results of confirmatory factor analysis revealed a goodness of fit index (GFI) equal to 0.95. Likewise, the goodness of fit index (GFI) was 0.95 and the adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI) was equal to 0.91 which showed a favorable goodness of fit for the model. The normed fit index (NFI) and the comparative fit index (CFI) were respectively equal to 0.93 and 0.95 indicating the desirable goodness of fit for the model. Furthermore, the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) was 0.43 which suggested a favorable goodness of fit for the given model. The results of this study showed that the Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Skills of Couples Scale (IISCS) benefited from sufficient reliability, validity, and goodness of fit to measure such constructs among Iranian samples.

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Aim: This research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of couples coping enhancement training on improving marital relations. Method: In this research with quasi-experimental design, a randomized controlled trial with baseline, post-treatment, and follow-up assessments along with placebo and control group was conducted. 36 couples by convenience sampling selected from couples referring to court of shahr e kord in the spring of 1396 due to marital problems and randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n = 12; under administration of couples coping enhancement training based on cultural tailoring in 9 group sessions once a week), placebo group (n = 12; under administration of mere meeting with therapist in 9 group sessions once a week) and control group (n = 12). All couples completed an ENRICH Couple Scales in three phases of baseline, post-treatment, and follow-up. Data were analyzed by SPSS and descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Results of analysis of variance with repeated measures indicated that the couples receiving the couples coping enhancement training based on cultural tailoring reported significant difference in the mean of marital relationship scores compared toplacebo and control group couples in post treatment (2 months after the baseline assessment) and follow-up (8 months after the baseline assessment) periods (F=8/105, P<0/001). Conclusion: According to the results, couples coping enhancement training is an effective method on improving marital relations.

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Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of educational package for enrichment of marital life based on emotional focused therapy (EFT) on the improvement of couples’ communicational patterns. Methods: The research method of the study was pseudo-experimental in which pre-test and post-test for the two control and experimental groups were used. To do so, 30 couples were selected purposefully from the population of couples who referred to the counseling centers in the city of Gorgan, Iran for improving their relationship. They were then randomly assigned to control and experimental goups. The experimental group participated in 8 three-hour sessions of group education, while the control group on the waiting list did not receive any particular intervention. In order to assess the dependent variable, Communication Patterns Questionnaire (Christensen & Sullaway, 1984) was used. The data were analyzed using covariation analysis. Findings: The results of the data analysis indicate that education based on EFT was more effective in improvement couples’ communicational patterns for participants in the experimental group, than those with no such intervention in the control group (p<0/01). Furthermore, post-hoc test shows that the effect of education in enrichment of marital life based on EFT was stable and no significant difference was identified between the averages of pre-test and post-hoc test stages (p<0/01). Conclusions: The results approve influence of education about enrichment of marital life based on EFT on improvement of newly married couples’ communicational patterns

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Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the probability of marital infidelity prediction based on the degree of self-differentiation, family function and couple burnout in couples living in city of Sanandaj, Iran.  Methods: The research was fundamentally objective and in terms of the method of data collection, a descriptive type that was carried out in the form of a prediction correlation scheme was used. The research sample included volunteer couples experiencing infidelity who had referred to the counseling centers and family courts system. Sample size included 357 individuals filling out differentiation, couple burnout and family function questionnaires. Results were analyzed with SPSS and hierarchical regression method. Findings: The results of the study showed differentiation (B= - 0/-73) and family function (B= - 0/43)  are negative predictors while marital burnout (B=0/31) is positive predictor for infidelity (p≤0/01). Cconclusion: Therefore, it can be said that training courses about differentiation and preventing couple burnout, and as a result increase in family functioning can prevent marital infidelity.
 

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Aim: The purpose of this study was to present a model to explain the evolution of Weness in couples. Method: Hence, based on the specific characteristics of Weness structure, qualitative research approach and grounded theory method was applied. The population of this study consisted of all couples living in Tehran who, according to their own statements, had a successful married life. The method of sampling was purposeful sampling and The number of participants in this study, after theoretical saturation, was 7 successful couples who were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was performed based on three techniques of open coding, axial coding and selective coding. Findings: The results showed that Weness structure includes two categories of intera- and extra-marital interaction strategies. Weness impelling factors also include three categories of cognitive, supportive and motivational impelling. The Weness consequence also occurs in the form of two central components of egocentrism in the couple's identity and the preservation of individuality in the couple's identity. Conclusion: There are three categories of cognitive, motivational and supportive factors that move couples towards Weness. Couples also use two categories of intramarital and extramarital strategies in process of becoming We. If these factors are properly combined and interconnected, Weness process in couples will be fulfilled, according to which, prevention of egocentrism in the couple's identity and the preservation of individuality in the couple's identity will be seen as a result.