Journal of Counseling Research

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Brever, M.M.( 2010).The effects  of child gender and child age at the time of parental divorce on the development. COLLEGE OF SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES, Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Psychology Educational Track.
 

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Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the components of smoking tendency in youth from the perspective of addiction and smoking experts. Methods: in this study, a qualitative approach and thematic analysis method were used. Participants included experts in the fields of addictions and smoking and smokers (therapists, researchers, professors and teachers) in 1399 who were selected using purposive sampling. Sampling was done using interview tools (semi-structured) in order to receive the data until the saturation point and then the collected information was analyzed by coding method (main and secondary). Findings: The analysis of the research findings led to the extraction of 85 primary concepts, 38 subcategories and 15 main categories, according to which, the main categories of smoking tendency in youth were: 1. The effective role of relatives in consumption, 2. Inefficient atmosphere of the family predisposing to consumption, 3. Motivation of peer groups in consumption, 4. Media coverage of smoking, 5. Influence of famous personalities, 6. Facilitating society in consumption, 7. Favorable consumption conditions in public recreation area, 8. Easy access to cigarettes, 9. Cognitive distortions about smoking, 10. Inefficient psychological causes, 11. Reverse reaction to superficial inhibitors in consumption, 12. Weak adaptive skills, 13. Consideration of behavioral attractiveness, 14. Media’s superficial portrayal of the harms of consumption, and 15. Recreational consumption. Finally, the combination of the main categories led to the extraction of two core themes, including the interpersonal components, the extra-personal component, and the intrapersonal components of the tendency to smoke in youth. Conclusions: The present study showed that youth are affected by interpersonal and extra-personal factors such as the media, family, society and the atmosphere of peers with common interests or intrapersonal dimensions like psychological disorders, famous characters in movies, or skill weaknesses are more likely to tend to smoke and continue smoking.

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Aim: This research was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effectiveness of the acceptance and commitment therapy towards marriage and the criteria for choosing a spouse by unmarried students. Methods: This was a pre and post test with a 2 month follow-up. The statistical population of this research included 167 unmarried students of Allameh Tabatabai University who were studying in the academic year of 2020- 2021. The sample were randomly selected and covariance was used for analysis. Findings: The results and findings indicated that the teaching of acceptance-based therapy is effective on the components of attitude towards marriage and the criteria for choosing a spouse in single students. Conclusion: Based on the results of the research, it is suggested that acceptance and commitment therapy could be use in premarital counseling

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Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the experiences of the family counselors of the judiciary system to identify the effective features of the family counseling in reducing family disputes and strengthening the family. Methods: This was a phenomenonological type of qualitative research. The participants in the research included 20 people (13 women and 7 men) whoe were family counselors at the judiciary system in several Iranian cities during 1399-1400 Persian calendar. Participants were selected using the purposeful sampling method according the entry criteria. Sampling continued until saturation was reached. In order to analyze the data, first, the data were recorded and coded, then analyzed using Van Menen's interpretive phenomenological analysis method. Results: The findings of the research included 6 main themes and 33 sub-themes of counselors' experiences as effective therapeutic features. The main themes obtained include: goals pursued to reduce family disputes and strengthening the family, characteristics of counselors, facilitating and promoting measures of counseling alongside the court proceeding, failure of resistance in clients beside the court, interventions to achieve change in order to reduce family disputes and strengthen the family and the characteristics of the counseling location in order to increase the effectiveness of the counseling near the court. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the counselors of the judiciary system who have a lower divorce rate at the end of the counseling sessions and are more successful in solving family problems than their other colleagues, have personal characteristics and principles governing their meetings as such that it provides safe and favorable conditions for this group of clients and paves the way for raising issues, listening to them, and ultimately resolving their concerns

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The present study investigated the everyday memory performance of children with cancer before, during and after chemotherapy. The causal-comparative research method included 23 healthy children without disease, 12 children before treatment, 23 children during treatment, and 14 children after treatment, aged 8 to 17 years, selected as a random sample from Mahak Hospital and schools in Tehran and examined using the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (Wilson et al., 2008). The research data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential tests (analysis of variance). The results showed that the performance of the children and adolescents with cancer in the areas of everyday memory, new learning, spatial memory, orientation knowledge, verbal memory and future-related memory did not differ significantly in the four sample groups. Only the average visual memory was significantly lower in the cancer group during and after treatment than in the healthy group before treatment, and the difference was significant (F = 2.261, p>0.05). According to the research results, chemotherapy reduces the visual memory performance of cancer patients during and after treatment. On the one hand, this is due to the effect of the chemotherapy drugs on the hippocampus and cerebral cortex and the disruption of memory. On the other hand, memory is severely impaired by the stress and psychological problems resulting from this disease and its severe treatments, as well as by the lack of necessary cognitive support.